Abstract
Malignant tumors are another cause of human death after heart disease. Along with long-known officials in the last ten years, robots have appeared that are associated with the influx of microbiome on the cause and progression of cancer. There is a lot of stupidity, a lot of friction, so that the direction begins to develop. In this review, we look at the influx of the microbiome into the origin and evolution of epithelial malignant tumors of the intestinal tract and related approaches to prevention. In this gallery llya Illich Mechnikov emphasized that the disruption of human microbiota plays a key role in the development of illness, which does not allow the biological age of the species to reach. According to the World Health Organization, probiotics are microorganisms that, when administered in an adequate amount, improve the health of the owner. An effective probiotic must meet the lowest criteria. This has the potential to bring obvious bark to the owner, to survive in the intestinal tract, resistance to hydrochloric acid in the gut, and inability to transfer genes of resistance to antibiotics.Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella sp., Alloprevotella sp., Capnocytophaga s, Streptococcus anginosus were found in empty mouth patients for oral cancer. It is not clear whether they are the initiators of microbiome change (drivers) or bacteria — passengers. Alloprevotella, Veillonella may be present before the development of carcinoma of the stomac. The most common microorganism isolated from malignant intestinal tumors is Fusobacterium Nucleatum. Dysbiosis in colorectal cancer is associated with a decrease in the number of L. gallinarum, Streptococcus thermophilus and an increase in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, as well as a decrease in bacterial diversity. Antagonistic bacteria are fermented milk flora, which correlates with diets rich in vegetables, fruits, peas, legumes and whole grain products. The mechanism by which the malignant growth and subsequent evolution of puffballs is overcome is a decrease in the pH of the colon.In the last ten years, Lactobacillus reuteri has become the most popular among both its predecessors and the population due to its ability to promote the acidity of the intestinal barrier. Lactobacilli have the assigned function of supporting the host’s immune system, lowering the pH of the intestines, and changing the level of inflammation. In addition, the authors found that these bacteria are more likely to renew the damaged intestinal epithelium by stimulating the proliferation of pre-committed cells to the intestine. Previously, we showed that in patients with stomac cancer in remission, sensitization to normal tissue occurred more often than in patients with an unfavorable prognosis (38.89% and 6%). Also, a higher level of sensitization to the normal mucous tissue of the pouch was an indicator of a best prognosis. It is now clear that the main role in the recovery of normal mucous tissue is played Lactobacillus reuteri.
References
2. Кайряк О. В. Сенсибилизация лейкоцитов к антигенам опухоли и нормальной слизистой у больных раком желудка. Тезисы докладов VIII съезда онкологов Украины. Донецк. 1990: 548–549.
3. Крячок И. А., Ульянченко Е. О., Кадникова Т. В. та ін. Malt-лимфома: причины возникновения, патогенез, классификация, клиническая картина. Клиническая онкология. 2017; 1(25): 33–36.
4. Милославський Д. К. Пробіотики: від Іллі Мечникова до сьогодення (до 175-річчя від дня народження І. І. Мечникова). Східноєвропейський журнал внутрішньої та сімейної медицини. 2020; 2: 109–115.
5. Чехун В. Ф., Лук’янова Н. Ю., Швець Ю. В. Вплив мікробіоти на розвиток пухлинних захворювань людини. Онкологія. 2020; 22: 1–2. https://doi.org/10.32471/oncology.2663-7928.t-22-1-2020-g.8759.
6. Широбоков В. П., Янковський Д. С., Димент Г. С. Роль мікробіому в розвитку онкологічної патології. Вісник НАН України. 2021; 11: 24–42. https://doi.org/10.15407/visn2021.11.024.
7. Bell H. N., Rebernick R. J., Goyert J. et al. Reuterin in the healthy gut microbiome suppresses colorectal cancer growth through altering redox balance. Cancer Cell. 2022; 40(2): 185–200.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2021.12.001.
8. Chen C., Gong X., Yang X. et al. The roles of estrogen and estrogen receptors in gastrointestinal disease. Oncol Lett. 2019; 18(6): 5673–5680. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10983.
9. Cervantes-Barragan L., Chai J. N., Tianero D. et al. Lactobacillus reuteri induces gut intraepithelial CD4+CD8αα+ T cells. Science. 2017; 357(6353): 806–810. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5825.
10. Ditonno I., Losurdo G., Rendina M. et al. Estrogen Receptors in Colorectal Cancer: Facts, Novelties and Perspectives. Curr. Oncol. 2021; 28(6): 4256–4263. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28060361.
11. Hu Ch., Xu B., Wang X. et al. Gut microbiota-derived short‐chain fatty acids regulate group 3 innate lymphoid cells in HCC. Hepatology. 2022; 77(1): 48–64. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.32449.
12. Ganly I., Yang L., Giese R.A. et al. Periodontal pathogens are a risk factor of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, independent of tobacco and alcohol and human papillomavirus. Int J Cancer. 2019; 145: 775–784. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.32152.
13. Kato I., Sun J. Microbiome and diet in colon cancer development and treatment. Cancer J. 2023; 29(2): 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000649.
14. Keeler B. D., Simpson J. A., Ng O. et al. Randomized clinical trial of preoperative oral versus intravenous iron in anaemic patients with colorectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2017; 104(3): 214–221. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.10328.
15. Mager D. L., Haffaje A. D., Devlin P. M. et al. The salivary microbiota as a diagnostic indicator of oral cancer: a descriptive, non-randomized study of cancer-free and oral squamous cell carcinoma subjects. J Transl Med. 2005; 3: 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-3-27.
16. Mu Q., Tavella V.J., Luo X. Role of Lactobacillus reuteri in Human Health and Diseases. Front Microbiol. 2018; 9: 757. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00757.
17. Panda M., Rai A. K., Rahman T. et al. Alterations of salivary microbial community associated with oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients Arch. Microbiol. 2020; 202: 785–805. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-019-01790-1.
18. Park Ch., Ji S.Y., Hwangbo H. et al. Enhancement of immune functions by Limosilactobacillus reuteri KBL346: in vitro and in vivo studies. Int J Mol Sci. 2023; 25(1): 141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010141.
19. Phipps O., Al-Hassi H. O., Quraishi M. et al. Oral and intravenous iron therapy differentially alter the on- and off-Tumor microbiota in anemic colorectal cancer patients. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13: 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers 13061341.
20. Tateda M., Shiga K., Saijo S. et al. Streptococcus anginosus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: implication in carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Med. 2000; 6: 699–703. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.6.6.699.
21. Stasiewicz M., Karpiński T.M. The oral microbiota and its role in carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol. 2022; 86(3): 633–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.11.002.
22. Wu H., Xie S., Miao J. et al. Lactobacillus reuteri maintains intestinal epithelial regeneration and repairs damaged intestinal mucosa. Gut microbes. 2020; 11(4): 9971014. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1734423.
23. Walter J., Britton R. A., Roos S. Host-microbial symbiosis in the vertebrate gastrointestinal tract and the Lactobacillus reuteri paradigm. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010; 108(1): 4645–4652. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000099107.